Metabolic Panel Explained: Electrolytes, Kidney & Liver

The metabolic panel covers electrolytes, kidney markers, glucose, and often liver enzymes. Use your lab's reference ranges.

Electrolytes & Acid-Base

• Sodium (Na): water balance; big shifts need clinical review.
• Potassium (K): heart/muscle; very low or high can be dangerous.
• Bicarbonate (CO2): low = metabolic acidosis; high = alkalosis.
• Anion gap: Na (±K) − (Cl + HCO3); high gap suggests unmeasured acids.

Kidney & Liver Highlights

• Creatinine & eGFR: trend matters; pregnancy or extreme muscle mass can skew eGFR.
• ALT/AST vs ALP/GGT: hepatocellular vs cholestatic patterns; bilirubin adds context.

Next Steps (education)

1. Confirm fasting/meds/illness if unexpected; consider a repeat.
2. For mild ALT/AST rise without symptoms, repeat in 2–4 weeks and discuss risks.
3. Kidney concerns: repeat creatinine/eGFR, add urinalysis, review BP and meds.

Disclaimer: Educational information only — not a diagnosis, treatment, or prescription.